brewater brewing water chemistry
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1 Starting water

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Report gives sulfate as sulfur (SO4-S), like a Ward Labs report? Multiply it by 3 before entering.

2 Grain bill

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Typekg°L

Acidulated malt goes in 4a — it lowers pH directly.

4 Recommended additions

  • 2.3 ml lactic acid

Predicted: pH 5.45 · Cl/SO₄ 0.80. Keeps your other hand-entered additions as they are.

4a Lower the pH

Acidulated malt: 0.0% of the grist (acid content 2% assumed). Add mash salts at dough-in or before.

4b Raise the pH

Chalk is modeled at half strength (experimental data, no acid). Results may vary.

Model after Kai Troester (2009) and the EZ Water Calculator 3.0.2; ranges after Palmer. Grain pH varies by maltster, and a mash can take 15 minutes to settle — trust your meter over this estimate.